晋太宗宣武帝实录5
陈牧:今淮北略定,然李零肆虐彭城,先生有何良策?
萧凡:臣以为,李零非有大志,但聚众为乱耳,今急之则屯聚为寇,缓之则自散,散而击之,无不克矣。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:Today,thenorthoftheHuaiRiverisbasicallycalm,ButLiZerodisturbedPengCheng,Sir,whatagoodidea?
xiaofan:Idon‘tthinkLiZerohasbigambitionsbutjustordinaryrebellions,Ifthereisarushtobesiege,theywillgathertoresist,Ifyouslowdownmilitaryoperations,theywillbechaoticandscattered,Atthistime,ifyouattackthemagain,youwilldefinitelysucceed。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:《礼》云,避尊者讳,自寡人君临以来,天下皆避吾讳,甚为不便,伤我赤子之心,为之奈何?先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为,前古帝王,亦不生讳其名,惟近代诸帝,妄为节制,特令生避其讳,理非通允,宜有改张,今宜依据礼典,务从简约,仰效先哲,垂法将来,其官号人名,及公私文籍,不须避讳。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。
chenmu:Intheliturgy,itisnecessarytoavoidthenameoftheelder,SinceIcametopower,thewholeworldhasavoidedmyname,Thisisveryinconvenientandmakesthepeoplesad,Whattodo?Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkthatinthepastkingsdidnotasktoavoidtheirnames,Itwasonlyinmoderntimesthatsomekingsbegantoletthepeopleavoidtheirnames,Itisunreasonablethatsomethingshouldchange,Itshouldnowbesimplifiedaccordingtothecodeofetiquetteasbefore,Namesingovernmentofficialsandofficialbooksalsodonotneedtobeevaded,Andusethisasamodelforfuturegenerations。
chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:寡人欲安天下,当以何为本,先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为,凡事皆须务本,国以人为本,人以衣食为本,凡营衣食,以不失时为本,夫不失时者,在人君简静乃可致耳,若兵戈屡动,土木不息,而欲不夺农时,其可得乎?
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:Iwanttosettletheworld,sowhatshouldbethefoundation,Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkeverythinghastobefundamental,ThestatetakesthepeopleasitsfoundationAndthepeopletakefoodandclothingasthefoundation,Accesstoclothesandfoodisbasedonfarming,Thekinghasonlysimpletranquilitysoasnottodisturbagriculturaltime,Ifawariswagedandconstructioniscarriedout,thenagriculturaltimewillbeinterrupted。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:中原士民言寡人为政如何?请先生直言。
萧凡:臣闻其言大王用法太峻。
陈牧:今梁地初定,寡人不得不为之尔,君不见,吴起无恩而楚强,商鞅严刑而秦兴乎?
萧凡:臣以为,吴起丧其身,商鞅亡其家,皆残酷之致也,大王方开建大业,景行尧、舜,犹惧不济,乃慕起、鞅之为治,岂此中原士女所望哉?
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。
chenmu:HowdothepeopleoftheCentralPlainsevaluatemesinceIenteredpolitics,Pleasesirtellmebluntly。
xiaofan:Iheardthemsayyou‘reinpowertooharsh。
chenmu:NowthatLiangGuohasjustbeenpacified,Ihavetodothis,TheStateofChuandtheStateofQinbecamepowerfulbecauseoftheharshnessofthelaw,Doesn‘tsirknow?
xiaofan:Ithinkharshlawswillkillthem,Youshouldlearnfromwisekingswhenyoucreateagreatcause,NotliketheChuandQinstates,ThisisnotwhatthepeopleoftheCentralPlainswant。
chenmu:Sirwasright,Iwaswrong。
陈牧:寡人欲风化天下,先生何以教我。
萧凡:臣以为,宜兴辟雍,设庠序,陈礼乐,隆雅、颂之声,盛揖让之容,以风化天下,如此不治者,未之有也。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。
chenmu:Iwanttoeducatetheworld,sir,isthereanythingtoteachme?
xiaofan:Ithinkschoolsshouldbesetuptoteachpeopleetiquetteandmusic,Thecustomofadvocatinghumilitymakessocietyharmonious,Onlyinthiswaycanthecountrybebettergoverned。
chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:教化同刑法,孰为重孰为轻?先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为,教化之于刑法,刑法轻而教化重,舍所重而急所轻,岂不谬哉,且教化所恃以为治,刑法所以助治也,今废所恃而独立其所助,非所以致太平也。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:Indoctrinationandcriminallawwhichisimportant,Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkindoctrinationismoreimportantthancriminallaw,Isn‘titabsurdtonowattachimportancetocriminallawandignoreindoctrination,Indoctrinationistheessenceofgovernmentandcriminallawisameansofassistinggovernment,Nowadays,thereisadeviationfromthegovernment,Thisisnotthewaytobringharmonyandstabilitytothecountry。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:人有郁疾,国有乎?先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为有之,人之五脏六腑,血脉欲其通也,若此则病无所生,国亦有郁,主德不通,民欲不达,此国之郁也,国郁处久,则百恶并起,而万灾丛至矣,故圣王之贵豪士与忠臣也,为其敢直言,而决郁塞也。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:Peoplewillbedepressedthenwillthecountrybedepressed?Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkthereissuchasituation,Ifthebloodintheinternalorgansisunobstructed,thenyouwillnotgetsick,Thesameistrueofcountries,Thefavorofthekingisnotfulfilled,andtheopinionsofthepeoplecannotbeadopted,Thenthecountrywillgetsick,Allkindsofbadthingsanddisasterswillhappen,Sowisekingsreusevirtuousandloyalmen,Becausetheytellthetruthandsolvenationalproblems。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:今寡人问鼎中夏,不可谓无功也,先生以为然否?
萧凡:臣以为,亡国之主,必自骄,必轻物,自骄则简士,自智则专独,轻物则无备,无备召祸,专独位危,简士壅塞,欲无壅塞必礼士,欲位无危必得众,欲无召祸必完备,三者人君之大经也,昔者楚庄王谋事而当,有大功,退朝而有忧色,今大王之势不及楚王,而有骄矜之色,非社稷之福也。
陈牧:非先生之言,寡人几不悟也,寡人知过矣。
chenmu:Today,Idominatetheworldanddoagreatjob,Sirthoughtso?
xiaofan:Ithinkthekingofthefallenkingdommustbeconceitedandarrogant,Conceitwilllookdownonthemeritocracyandthusdictatorship,Arroganceleadstocarelessnessanddisaster,Inthepast,thekingofChuestablishedagreatcause,Buthewasverycautiousandhadasenseofcrisis,NowyourstrengthisnotasgoodastheKingofChubutyouaresoconceited,Thisisnotagoodthingforthecountry。
chenmu:Sirisright,Ifitwasn‘tforyoutellingme,Iwouldn‘thaverealizedmymistake。
陈牧:寡人欲知,何为朴者之人臣?先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为,朴者之为人臣,北面委质,无有二心。朝廷不敢辞贱,军旅不敢辞难;顺上之为,从主之法,虚心以待令,而无是非也。故有口不以私言,有目不以私视,而上酒之。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。
chenmu:Iwonderwhatasimpleministerlookslike?Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithink,TheSimpleministersareloyaltothecountry,Hedoesnotprevaricateongovernmentmatters,Hewillnotshirkdifficultiesinmilitarytasks,Theyobeyedtheking‘sarrangementandworkedhardtoaccomplishit,Whateveritwas,theyhumblywaitedforthecommand,Theydon‘ttalknonsenseanddon‘tlookaround,Sothekingappreciatedandrewardedthem。
chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyou。